What is a Code 39 Barcode?
Code 39, or "Code 3 of 9", is an alphanumeric barcode symbology that can encode uppercase letters (A through Z), digits (0 through 9), and a handful of special characters like the $ sign. Possibly the most serious drawback of Code 39 is its low data density: It requires more space to encode data in Code 39 than, for example, in Code 128. This means that very small goods cannot be labeled with a Code 39-based barcode. However, Code 39 is still widely used and can be decoded with virtually any barcode reader. In fact, it's the barcode of choice for the United States Department of Defense and the Health Industry Bar Code Council (HBICC).
One advantage of Code 39 is that since there is no need to generate a check digit, it can easily be integrated into existing printing systems by adding a barcode font to the system or printer and then printing the raw data in that font.1

How to get a Code 39 Barcode
Do you need to register with GS1 for internal use like inventory or non-retail uses?
For Code 39 barcodes, you do not need to join or pay fees with GS1 / GS1-US for internal use within your organization.
Here are some links that can help you get started:
All about Code 39 Barcodes - [www.adams1.com]
Code 39 Symbology - [www.barcodeisland.com]
References:
1. See Wikipedia, Code 39, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_39 (as of Oct 15, 2010, 20:50 GMT).